When discussing the Fourth of July and the American Revolution, the crucial role France played is often highlighted. Saint-Domingue, modern-day Haiti, also played a significant and often overlooked role in aiding the American colonies in their quest for independence. Here are three ways in which Haiti’s contributions were instrumental to America’s victory over British rule.
Financial support through wealthy plantations
Saint-Domingue was the most prosperous French colony in the Caribbean, primarily due to its lucrative sugar and coffee plantations. The colony’s economic success enabled France to finance its military operations extensively. The French treasury, bolstered by the wealth generated from Haiti’s plantations, provided essential financial support for the American cause.
This economic backing helped ensure that the Continental Army had the necessary resources, arms, and supplies to sustain its fight against the British.
Strategic military assistance
French military aid was crucial in several decisive battles of the American Revolution, and Saint-Domingue played a vital role in this aspect. The colony served as a strategic military base for French Caribbean and Atlantic operations. French forces stationed in Saint-Domingue were mobilized to participate in key naval battles that disrupted British supply lines and communications. The deployment of French troops and naval power from Haiti ensured that the American forces had an upper hand at critical moments during the war.
The Battle of Savannah
One of the most direct contributions from Saint-Domingue came during the Siege of Savannah in 1779. A contingent of over 500 Haitian soldiers, known as the Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue, fought alongside American and French troops in this pivotal battle. These soldiers, many of whom were free men of color, displayed exceptional bravery and combat skills. Although the battle ultimately ended in a British victory, the involvement of Haitian troops showcased their commitment and solidarity with the American revolutionary cause.
Great story uncovering something that is often overlooked by history!
I am at a loss to see that people keep repeating the same nonsensical claim that Haiti helped the US during its fight for independence against England. Haiti did not exist before 1804. Call those so-called volunteers “Saintdominguese” or whatever but not Haitian. Just like those who chose to emigrate to Louisiana and wherever during the revolution. They never acquire the right to call themselves Haitian. It must be noted that the British forces were victorious in the battle of Savannah Georgia. Also the US did not recognize the independence of Haiti until 1862.