2017
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12449
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Dermatological and environmental toxicological impact of the sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone/benzophenone‐3

Abstract: SummaryOxybenzone (Benzophenone-3) is an emerging human and environmental contaminant used in sunscreens and personal care products to help minimize the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. The Center for Disease Control fourth national report on human exposure to environmental chemicals demonstrated that approximately 97% of the people tested have oxybenzone present in their urine, and independent scientists have reported various concentrations in waterways and fish worldwide. Oxybenzone can also react … Show more

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Cited by 152 publications
(81 citation statements)
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“…This also is a common concern and question frequently asked by patients when recommending sunscreens. It is beyond the scope of this editorial and the science is still evolving; however, I think it is important as dermatologists that we continue to review the current literature on this topic …”
Section: A Widespread Issuementioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This also is a common concern and question frequently asked by patients when recommending sunscreens. It is beyond the scope of this editorial and the science is still evolving; however, I think it is important as dermatologists that we continue to review the current literature on this topic …”
Section: A Widespread Issuementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is beyond the scope of this editorial and the science is still evolving; however, I think it is important as dermatologists that we continue to review the current literature on this topic. 21 With the recent increased scrutiny from the FDA into all presently available chemical sunscreen filters used in the United States and the recent JAMA article on sunscreen absorption, 22 it is imperative that dermatologists understand what chemical filters are associated with allergy, understand that absorption in compromised skin may be elevated and finally, understand that sunscreen labeling may not help consumers. No sunscreen with allergenic and irritating UV filters, fragrances, preservatives, emulsifiers, etc should hold the labels "sensitive skin" or "hypoallergenic."…”
Section: A Wide S Pre Ad Issuementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In humans, oxybenzone has been reported to produce contact and photocontact allergy reactions, implemented as a possible endocrine disruptor and has been linked to Hirschsprung's disease. Environmentally, oxybenzone has been shown to produce a variety of toxic reactions in coral and ish ranging from reef bleaching to mortality [90] (Figure 10). (See also 5.1.…”
Section: Oxybenzonementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sunscreens, such as, oxybenzone/benzophenone-3 are emerging as environmental and human contaminants as they have been detected in human urine (97% of the population) or impacting coral reefs. 18 Thus, skin penetration across deeper layers (dermis) is a major concern with organic photoactives. Although macromolecular quantitative estimation of skin penetration of sunscreen is possible via radiolabelled 14 C tape stripping assays on human/pig skin, 19 a nanometric molecularlevel understanding is still lacking.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%