Rahul Nair

Receive a plurality of data management policies from a user. Store in a memory the data management policies in association with a context and an identifier of the user. Receive personal data of the user collected in one or more contexts by one or more collection devices. Determine whether the personal data complies with one or more of the data management policies with respect to collecting personal data of the user. If the personal data complies with the data management policies with respect to… Show more

Receive a plurality of data management policies from a user. Store in a memory the data management policies in association with a context and an identifier of the user. Receive personal data of the user collected in one or more contexts by one or more collection devices. Determine whether the personal data complies with one or more of the data management policies with respect to collecting personal data of the user. If the personal data complies with the data management policies with respect to collecting personal data on the user, then storing in the memory the personal data in association with the identifier of the user. Provide a centralized interface to the user for managing the personal data stored in the memory. Show less

Search results may include both objective results and person results. In one example, a search query is evaluated to determine whether it is the type of query that a user might want to ask to a friend. If the query is of such a type, then the search engine may examine a social graph to determine which friends of the user who entered the query may have information that is relevant to answering the query. If such friends exist, then the friends may be displayed along with objective search… Show more

Search results may include both objective results and person results. In one example, a search query is evaluated to determine whether it is the type of query that a user might want to ask to a friend. If the query is of such a type, then the search engine may examine a social graph to determine which friends of the user who entered the query may have information that is relevant to answering the query. If such friends exist, then the friends may be displayed along with objective search results, along with an explanation of each friend's relevance to the query. Clicking on a person in the results may cause a conversation to be initiated with that person, thereby allowing the user who entered the query to ask his or her friend about the subject of the query. Show less

A method and system for automatically associating primary process data with reference data. The primary process data may include image, video, audio, text, search data, and the like. The reference data may include location, temperature, pressure, and the like. A primary process data processor device, such as a digital camera, is used to acquire the primary process data with time information, but without any reference data. A reference data collector device, such as a cellular telephone, is used… Show more

A method and system for automatically associating primary process data with reference data. The primary process data may include image, video, audio, text, search data, and the like. The reference data may include location, temperature, pressure, and the like. A primary process data processor device, such as a digital camera, is used to acquire the primary process data with time information, but without any reference data. A reference data collector device, such as a cellular telephone, is used to acquire the reference data with time information. The primary process data and the reference data are uploaded to a server and each are associated with a shared identifier, such as a user ID. Of the content and reference data associated with the shared ID, the server determines which primary process data and reference data were acquired near the same time, and automatically associates the reference data with the primary process data. Show less

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for performing actions with respect to objects. An object having an action tag, that specifies that a particular action script is to be performed with respect to the object, is provided. The action tag can be in the form of a textual label or any suitable user interface object that can be associated with the object. A search is then performed in a plurality of reference action tags, that each correspond to a different action script, for the provided action… Show more

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for performing actions with respect to objects. An object having an action tag, that specifies that a particular action script is to be performed with respect to the object, is provided. The action tag can be in the form of a textual label or any suitable user interface object that can be associated with the object. A search is then performed in a plurality of reference action tags, that each correspond to a different action script, for the provided action tag. When a matching reference action tag is found for the provided action tag, the corresponding, matching action script is then invoked so that the matching action script is automatically performed with respect to the object. Embodiments of the present invention also provide an action tag management architecture that is independent of the actions that are triggered by the action tags associated with particular objects and, accordingly, provides flexibility by allowing the set of actions to be expanded without requiring code changes to the tag management architecture. Show less

A system and method is described for constructing a proximity-based ad hoc network among a plurality of sensor-enabled devices and for using such a network to facilitate data sharing among users of those devices (referred to herein for simplicity as "sensors"). The system and method advantageously enables data to be shared among co-located sensors in a manner that does not require local connections or communication among those sensors and that protects user privacy. The system and method also… Show more

A system and method is described for constructing a proximity-based ad hoc network among a plurality of sensor-enabled devices and for using such a network to facilitate data sharing among users of those devices (referred to herein for simplicity as "sensors"). The system and method advantageously enables data to be shared among co-located sensors in a manner that does not require local connections or communication among those sensors and that protects user privacy. The system and method also beneficially enables data to be transferred among heterogeneous sensor types that would otherwise be incapable of detecting and/or communicating with each other. The system and method may perform user-initiated data transfer as well as automatic data transfer responsive to sensor proximity and other factors, such as commonality of user interests or activities or membership in a social network. Show less

A system and method for generation of URL context queries. A request is received over a network from a user for generation a URL based context query, wherein the request comprises at least one query generation criteria. A multidimensional dataspace having a spatial axis, a temporal axis, a topical axis and a social axis is searched for clusters of related data objects using the query generation criteria, wherein at least one cluster of data objects relating to the query generation criteria is… Show more

A system and method for generation of URL context queries. A request is received over a network from a user for generation a URL based context query, wherein the request comprises at least one query generation criteria. A multidimensional dataspace having a spatial axis, a temporal axis, a topical axis and a social axis is searched for clusters of related data objects using the query generation criteria, wherein at least one cluster of data objects relating to the query generation criteria is identified. Permissions are checked relating to each data object cluster of related data objects. If the user does not have permission to view the data object, it is removed from the cluster. A URL having a context query comprising at least one context criteria is generated from the properties of the cluster of data objects. The URL having a context query is then transmitted to the end user. Show less

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for providing location information for a current location of a portable device, such as a camera-phone. In general, a current, generic location, e.g., cell ID, of the portable device is mapped to a more specific location description, e.g., the name of a specific city, that is defined by one or more users. In a specific implementation, one or more users of portable devices may be encouraged to contribute specific location descriptions with respect to media… Show more

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for providing location information for a current location of a portable device, such as a camera-phone. In general, a current, generic location, e.g., cell ID, of the portable device is mapped to a more specific location description, e.g., the name of a specific city, that is defined by one or more users. In a specific implementation, one or more users of portable devices may be encouraged to contribute specific location descriptions with respect to media objects or the like that are managed on their portable devices. When a particular user ties a specific location to a media object or the like, the media object serves to also tie the particular user's current generic location or cell ID to the media object. Thus, a plurality of media objects and their associated specific and generic location descriptions can be analyzed to determine a most relevant specific location description for a particular generic location or cell ID. The specific location that is tied to a generic location may be used in any number of applications, such as automatically associating such specific location with any media objects that are captured in the corresponding generic location, e.g., cell ID. Show less

A system and method for context based query augmentation. A question is received over a network from a questioning user comprising an identification of a user and at least one question criteria. A first query is formulated so as to search, via the network, for user profile data, social network data, spatial data, temporal data and topical data so as to identify user context data relevant to question criteria. The question is modified using the user context data to create at least one modified… Show more

A system and method for context based query augmentation. A question is received over a network from a questioning user comprising an identification of a user and at least one question criteria. A first query is formulated so as to search, via the network, for user profile data, social network data, spatial data, temporal data and topical data so as to identify user context data relevant to question criteria. The question is modified using the user context data to create at least one modified question having at least one additional criteria based on the user context data. A second query is formulated so as to search, via the network, for knowledge data, user profile data, social network data, spatial data, temporal data and topical data so as to identify knowledge data relevant to the identified user and the modified question criteria. The knowledge data is transmitted, over the network, to the questioning user. Show less

Communicating data by transforming images or other non-text data into subsets of text characters and communicating each subset in an electronic message that can carry only a limited number of text characters. An embodiment transforms portions of binary data of an image or other non-text data into subsets of hexadecimal data that represents text characters. The subsets of hexadecimal text character data are included in SMS messages that have a predefined maximum number of characters. A header is… Show more

Communicating data by transforming images or other non-text data into subsets of text characters and communicating each subset in an electronic message that can carry only a limited number of text characters. An embodiment transforms portions of binary data of an image or other non-text data into subsets of hexadecimal data that represents text characters. The subsets of hexadecimal text character data are included in SMS messages that have a predefined maximum number of characters. A header is included in the SMS messages to identify the ordering of the data. The SMS messages are communicated to a receiving device that orders the messages, transforms each subset of hexadecimal text characters back into the binary data, and assembles the binary data into it prior form for rendering to a user of the receiving device. A server may process the SMS messages, such as by inserting additional SMS messages with advertising data. Show less

A system and method is described for constructing a proximity-based ad hoc network among a plurality of sensors and for using such a network to perform location tracking. The system and method uses time-coded data received from each of the sensors to determine a current proximity of each of the sensors to one or more beacons. Then, by leveraging information relating to the effective transmission ranges of the beacons, the system and method determines the relative location of each of the… Show more

A system and method is described for constructing a proximity-based ad hoc network among a plurality of sensors and for using such a network to perform location tracking. The system and method uses time-coded data received from each of the sensors to determine a current proximity of each of the sensors to one or more beacons. Then, by leveraging information relating to the effective transmission ranges of the beacons, the system and method determines the relative location of each of the plurality of sensors with respect to other sensors within the plurality of sensors. Where actual (as opposed to relative) location information is available for a particular sensor, it can be used to generate or augment location information associated with other sensors known to be spatially and temporally proximate to the particular sensor. The current location information for each of the sensors is then used in providing location-based services. Show less

A centralized location system includes a location update application programming interface (API) to receive varying types of location inputs for a user from at least one location-providing application. A memory stores a location of the user and the location inputs, wherein the location update API periodically updates in the memory the location inputs when location updates are received from the at least one location-providing application. A location export API, upon request from a location-based… Show more

A centralized location system includes a location update application programming interface (API) to receive varying types of location inputs for a user from at least one location-providing application. A memory stores a location of the user and the location inputs, wherein the location update API periodically updates in the memory the location inputs when location updates are received from the at least one location-providing application. A location export API, upon request from a location-based service application, processes the location inputs to estimate a location of the user, which location estimate replaces the stored location in memory and is sent to the location-based service application. A user interface enables the user to specify a location granularity for at least one of the at least one location-providing application and the location-based service application. Show less

A system and method for deriving income from URL based context queries. A URL based user context query is received over a network from a user, wherein the user context comprises at least one user context criteria. A query is formulated based on the context criteria so as to search for user profile data, social network data, spatial data, temporal data, topical data and context query bid data that is available via the network and relates to the context so as to identify entries in a context… Show more

A system and method for deriving income from URL based context queries. A URL based user context query is received over a network from a user, wherein the user context comprises at least one user context criteria. A query is formulated based on the context criteria so as to search for user profile data, social network data, spatial data, temporal data, topical data and context query bid data that is available via the network and relates to the context so as to identify entries in a context query bid database that relate to user context criteria. A dynamic webpage is generated having content relating to the query and advertisements associated with the selected bid are inserted into the webpage. The dynamic webpage is transmitted to the user. The advertiser associated with the selected bid is charged a fee when a user interface event relating to the dynamic webpage occurs. Show less

Methods and systems for generating information about a physical context of a user are provided. These methods and systems provide the capability to render a context avatar associated with the user as a composite image that can be broadcast in virtual environments to provide information about the physical context of the user. The composite image can be automatically updated without user intervention to include, among other things, a virtual person image of the user and a background image defined… Show more

Methods and systems for generating information about a physical context of a user are provided. These methods and systems provide the capability to render a context avatar associated with the user as a composite image that can be broadcast in virtual environments to provide information about the physical context of the user. The composite image can be automatically updated without user intervention to include, among other things, a virtual person image of the user and a background image defined by encoded image data associated with the current geographic location of the user. Show less

A method and system for communicating a message in an electronic messaging environment is provided. A method employed by the system may include generating a personalized communication model related to a user, determining the validity of a token associated with an intended recipient of the message based on information in the personalized communication model, extracting entities from the message, determining whether the entities extracted match the intended recipient, and indicating to the user… Show more

A method and system for communicating a message in an electronic messaging environment is provided. A method employed by the system may include generating a personalized communication model related to a user, determining the validity of a token associated with an intended recipient of the message based on information in the personalized communication model, extracting entities from the message, determining whether the entities extracted match the intended recipient, and indicating to the user whether the token is valid and whether the entities match the intended recipient. The tokens correspond to email addresses, phone numbers, and addresses associated with intended recipients. The personalized communication model includes the names and tokens associated with those individuals with whom the user communicates. The personalized communication model is seeded with information including social, spatial, temporal and logical information related to the user. The personalized communication model is generated by a network processor. Show less

A system and method is described herein for managing bandwidth and cost in connection with a plurality of sensors in an ad hoc network. The system and method receives sensor data that is provided from a plurality of sensors and constructs an ad hoc network among the plurality of sensors based on the sensor data. The system and method also receives and analyzes bandwidth information from each sensor in a group of sensors in the ad hoc network. Based on the analysis, the system and method then… Show more

A system and method is described herein for managing bandwidth and cost in connection with a plurality of sensors in an ad hoc network. The system and method receives sensor data that is provided from a plurality of sensors and constructs an ad hoc network among the plurality of sensors based on the sensor data. The system and method also receives and analyzes bandwidth information from each sensor in a group of sensors in the ad hoc network. Based on the analysis, the system and method then modifies a manner in which at least one sensor in the group exchanges data, including sensor data and multimedia content. Show less

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for facilitating annotation of media objects by a user. Mechanisms present a user with an easily usable set of annotation suggestions that are most likely to be relevant to the particular user and/or media context. In general, existing annotations are analyzed to determine a set of suggested annotations. Annotation suggestions for a particular user are based on an analysis of the relevance, to the particular user, of existing annotations of one or more media… Show more

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for facilitating annotation of media objects by a user. Mechanisms present a user with an easily usable set of annotation suggestions that are most likely to be relevant to the particular user and/or media context. In general, existing annotations are analyzed to determine a set of suggested annotations. Annotation suggestions for a particular user are based on an analysis of the relevance, to the particular user, of existing annotations of one or more media objects so that the most likely relevant annotations are presented as suggested annotations. In particular embodiments, this analysis depends on whether the existing annotations were created and/or selected by the particular user, a member of the particular user's social network, or members of the general public. Show less

A system and method for contextual advertising based on status messages. A plurality of status messages sent to a user via at least one socially aware messaging service are retrieved where the user is a member of the socially aware messaging service, has defined at least one social contact on the service, and where each of status messages was sent to the user by one of the user's social contacts. The status messages are analyzed to determine the user's status update context, where the user's… Show more

A system and method for contextual advertising based on status messages. A plurality of status messages sent to a user via at least one socially aware messaging service are retrieved where the user is a member of the socially aware messaging service, has defined at least one social contact on the service, and where each of status messages was sent to the user by one of the user's social contacts. The status messages are analyzed to determine the user's status update context, where the user's status update context comprises a set of social, topical, spatial and temporal data present in the messages. The user's status update context is matched to targeted advertisements.. The user's status update context is matched to the targeting criteria of targeted advertisements. Matched advertisements are transmitted to the user. Show less

Attendees or viewers of a presentation provide input marking specific points corresponding to a high level of interest. Received bookmarks are aggregated to generate overall level-of-interest values for various points in the presentation. A graphical depiction of these level-of-interest values is provided; users can navigate using this graphical depiction to find specific parts of the presentation having the highest level of interest or importance. User interface elements provide access to… Show more

Attendees or viewers of a presentation provide input marking specific points corresponding to a high level of interest. Received bookmarks are aggregated to generate overall level-of-interest values for various points in the presentation. A graphical depiction of these level-of-interest values is provided; users can navigate using this graphical depiction to find specific parts of the presentation having the highest level of interest or importance. User interface elements provide access to various filtering, display, and configuration options for the graphical depiction. Show less

According to the disclosed subject matter, various embodiments for generating a search results page that provides contextual information to an entity/target site associated with a search result are presented. In response to receiving a search query from a user, a set of search results is obtained. Each search result in the set of search results comprises a hyperlink to content at a target site. From the set of identified search results, a search results page is generated. The generated search… Show more

According to the disclosed subject matter, various embodiments for generating a search results page that provides contextual information to an entity/target site associated with a search result are presented. In response to receiving a search query from a user, a set of search results is obtained. Each search result in the set of search results comprises a hyperlink to content at a target site. From the set of identified search results, a search results page is generated. The generated search results page includes at least one search result that is encoded with data for providing contextual information of the user's current query context to the corresponding target site upon user selection of the at least one search result. The generated search results page is then provided to the user in response to the search query. Show less

Content source owners may associate their sites with a user as the user's preferred source. According to the disclosed subject matter, a preference communication is received indicating that an identified content source is to be a preferred source for an identified user. A set of search results is obtained responsive to a search request from the identified user. The set of search results include at least one search result referencing content from the identified content source. The set of search… Show more

Content source owners may associate their sites with a user as the user's preferred source. According to the disclosed subject matter, a preference communication is received indicating that an identified content source is to be a preferred source for an identified user. A set of search results is obtained responsive to a search request from the identified user. The set of search results include at least one search result referencing content from the identified content source. The set of search results is rearranged according preferred sources associated with the identified user, including the identified content source, such that the search result referencing content from the identified content source is repositioned within the ordered set of search results to a more prominent position in the rearranged set of search results. A search results page is generated from the rearranged set of search results and returned to the identified user. Show less

Embodiments for providing a search results page that includes at least one advertisement responsive to a search request are presented. A search request is received from a user. The search request is associated with a query term upon which advertisers have bid. A set of search results is obtained responsive to the search request. Bids from multiple advertisers are identified. Identifying bids from advertisers includes dynamically determining a present bid amount of a first bid according to the… Show more

Embodiments for providing a search results page that includes at least one advertisement responsive to a search request are presented. A search request is received from a user. The search request is associated with a query term upon which advertisers have bid. A set of search results is obtained responsive to the search request. Bids from multiple advertisers are identified. Identifying bids from advertisers includes dynamically determining a present bid amount of a first bid according to the position of a search result in the set of search results. After determining the bid value of each bid, a winning bid is selected from the identified bids. A search result page is generated a portion of the search results and the advertisement corresponding to the selected bid. The generated search results page is returned to the user for display responsive to the search request. Show less

Presented in this disclosure are systems and methods for enabling access to content from a preferred source to a computer user is presented. A preferred source is a source of content that a user has identified as being "preferred." Once a user establishes a source as a preferred source (through a first channel), other channels by which the user can obtain content from the preferred source are identified. In various embodiments, the other channels are automatically enabled for the user or… Show more

Presented in this disclosure are systems and methods for enabling access to content from a preferred source to a computer user is presented. A preferred source is a source of content that a user has identified as being "preferred." Once a user establishes a source as a preferred source (through a first channel), other channels by which the user can obtain content from the preferred source are identified. In various embodiments, the other channels are automatically enabled for the user or, alternative, presented to the user for opting into receiving the content from that channel. Show less

While some search engines personalize search results for a user, search engines have failed to enable personalization according to a user's explicitly preferred sources of content. According to the disclosed subject matter, a list of preferred sources is maintained for a user. When a search query is received from the user, a set of search results responsive to the query is obtained. From the set search results, one or more search results that correspond to a preferred source are identified. The… Show more

While some search engines personalize search results for a user, search engines have failed to enable personalization according to a user's explicitly preferred sources of content. According to the disclosed subject matter, a list of preferred sources is maintained for a user. When a search query is received from the user, a set of search results responsive to the query is obtained. From the set search results, one or more search results that correspond to a preferred source are identified. The set of search results is arranged with the one or more search results placed in more prominent positions in the set of search of search results. A search results page is generated according to the arranged set of search results and the generated search results page is returned in response to the user's search query. Show less

While some search engines personalize search results for a user, search engines have failed to enable personalization according to a user's explicitly preferred sources of content. According to the disclosed subject matter, a list of preferred sources is maintained for a user as well as a plurality of entities. When a search query is received from the user, a set of search results responsive to the query is obtained. From the set search results, one or more search results that correspond to a… Show more

While some search engines personalize search results for a user, search engines have failed to enable personalization according to a user's explicitly preferred sources of content. According to the disclosed subject matter, a list of preferred sources is maintained for a user as well as a plurality of entities. When a search query is received from the user, a set of search results responsive to the query is obtained. From the set search results, one or more search results that correspond to a preferred source are identified. The set of search results is arranged with the one or more search results placed in more prominent positions in the set of search of search results. A search results page is generated according to the arranged set of search results and the generated search results page is returned in response to the user's search query. Show less

A method, device and/or medium for generating a user profile based on an online user's self disclosed public status information. An indication may be received of updates self-published by the user at one or more sites. At least one context regarding the user may then be determined based on the published updates, and the context(s) may be employed to infer at least one attribute of the user. A profile of the user may then be determined based at least on the inferred attribute(s). The determined… Show more

A method, device and/or medium for generating a user profile based on an online user's self disclosed public status information. An indication may be received of updates self-published by the user at one or more sites. At least one context regarding the user may then be determined based on the published updates, and the context(s) may be employed to infer at least one attribute of the user. A profile of the user may then be determined based at least on the inferred attribute(s). The determined profile may be employed to enable an advertisement to be provided to the user. In this way, a heuristic may be provided for predicting advertising content that may be of interest to the user based on self-published information about the user. Thus, relevant advertisements may be more accurately targeted to those users who may be most interested in their content. Show less

A method for operating an electronic exchange includes receiving, at an exchange system, an offer that includes a description of information for offer and terms associated with access to the information. An offer processor of the electronic exchange stores an offer listing associated with the offer to an offer database. A matching engine of the electronic exchange searches a request database for a request listing that matches the offer listing. The electronic exchange communicates access… Show more

A method for operating an electronic exchange includes receiving, at an exchange system, an offer that includes a description of information for offer and terms associated with access to the information. An offer processor of the electronic exchange stores an offer listing associated with the offer to an offer database. A matching engine of the electronic exchange searches a request database for a request listing that matches the offer listing. The electronic exchange communicates access instructions that enable access to the information to a requestor associated with the request listing when a match is found. Show less

A user interface for targeted advertisement is provided, which comprises a plurality of interface components, wherein selected ones of the plurality of interface components are capable of: receiving a list of advertising targets; presenting a list of most representative entities for the list of advertising targets, wherein an entity is relatively more representative of an advertising target if the advertising target is relatively more uniquely and frequently associated with the entity;… Show more

A user interface for targeted advertisement is provided, which comprises a plurality of interface components, wherein selected ones of the plurality of interface components are capable of: receiving a list of advertising targets; presenting a list of most representative entities for the list of advertising targets, wherein an entity is relatively more representative of an advertising target if the advertising target is relatively more uniquely and frequently associated with the entity; receiving a list of target entities selected from the list of most representative entities; and presenting an estimated advertising cost for the list of target entities. Show less

A method for ranking entities with respect to a tag for targeted advertisement is provided. For each entity to be ranked, a first score is calculated, which indicates the level of uniqueness the tag is to the entity. For each entity to be ranked, a second score is calculated, which indicates the number of people connected with the entity. For each entity to be ranked, a final score is calculated, which combines the first score and the second score. The entities are ranked based on their… Show more

A method for ranking entities with respect to a tag for targeted advertisement is provided. For each entity to be ranked, a first score is calculated, which indicates the level of uniqueness the tag is to the entity. For each entity to be ranked, a second score is calculated, which indicates the number of people connected with the entity. For each entity to be ranked, a final score is calculated, which combines the first score and the second score. The entities are ranked based on their respective final scores. Optionally, the entity rankings may be used to determine the cost of advertisement for each entity and to recommend entities with respect to an advertisement. Show less