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Malaysian United Indigenous Party

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Malaysian United Indigenous Party
Malay nameParti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia
ڤرتي ڤريبومي برساتو مليسيا
Chinese name土著团结党
土著團結黨
Tamil nameமலேசிய ஐக்கிய மக்கள் கட்சி
AbbreviationBERSATU / PPBM
PresidentMuhyiddin Yassin
Secretary-GeneralHamzah Zainudin
Deputy PresidentAhmad Faizal Azumu
Vice-Presidents
Youth ChiefWan Ahmad Fayhsal
Women ChiefRina Harun
Founders
Founded7 September 2016 (2016-09-07)[1][2]
Registered14 January 2017 (2017-01-14)[3]
Legalised14 January 2017 (2017-01-14)[4]
Split fromUnited Malays National Organisation (UMNO)
People's Justice Party (PKR) (2020)
Preceded byPersatuan Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia
(United Indigenous Association of Malaysia)
HeadquartersTingkat 8, Menara Yayasan Selangor, No 18A Jalan Persiaran Barat PJS 52 46200 Petaling Jaya
NewspaperMY BERSATU[5]
Unofficial:
MalaysiaNow
Think tankInstitut Masa Depan Malaysia
Youth wingArmada BERSATU
Women's wingSrikandi BERSATU
Women's youth wingSrikandi Muda BERSATU
Membership (2023)600,667 (2023)[6]
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right to far-right
National affiliationPakatan Harapan (2017–2020)
Perikatan Nasional (since 2020)
Regional affiliationGabungan Rakyat Sabah (2020–2022)
Colours    Red and white
SloganBersatu, Beramanah, Bermaruah
(United, Trustworthy, Dignified)
AnthemPerjuangan Kita
Dewan Negara
2 / 70
Dewan Rakyat
25 / 222
State Legislative Assemblies
58 / 611
Chief ministers of states
0 / 13
Election symbol

(except in Kelantan and Terengganu)

(only in Kelantan and Terengganu)[7]
Party flag
Website
bersatu.org
This article is part of a series on the
Politics of
Malaysia
Head of State
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
Political parties
List of political parties in Malaysia
Federalism
Ideologies and concepts

Race and politics

The Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Malay: Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia), abbreviated BERSATU or PPBM, is a nationalist political party in Malaysia.[1] The party was preceded by the United Indigenous Association of Malaysia (Persatuan Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) and founded by members of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia. It is a major component of the Perikatan Nasional coalition.

Full membership in the party is limited to only Bumiputeras (indigenous communities of Malaysia). Non-Bumiputeras can join the party as associate members, although they are not eligible to vote and run in party elections.[8]

History[edit]

Formation[edit]

On 10 August 2016, former UMNO deputy president Muhyiddin Yassin submitted an application for the party's registration with himself as president, Mukhriz Mahathir as vice-president, and Mahathir Mohamad as chairman. BERSATU's formation was undertaken by former members of UMNO in opposition to the then-prime minister Najib Razak.[9]

On 12 November 2016, Mahathir announced that the party would join the Pakatan Harapan opposition coalition, which then consisted of Parti Keadilan Rakyat, the Democratic Action Party, and Parti Amanah Negara, pending the decision of the Malaysian Islamic Party, another opposition party. He expressed the need for a united opposition in order to defeat the incumbent Barisan Nasional government.[10][11] It officially joined the coalition on 13 December.[12]

Forming a Pakatan Harapan government[edit]

The 2018 general election saw the Pakatan Harapan coalition and its allies win 121 seats in the country's lower house of parliament, enough to form a majority government. BERSATU itself won 13 seats and garnered 5.9% of the vote. As the coalition's prime ministerial candidate,[13] Mahathir was sworn in as Malaysia's fourth prime minister at 93 years of age, becoming the world's oldest head of government.[14] Mahathir had previously held the position of prime minister from 1981 to 2003, during he led the Barisan Nasional coalition as leader of the United Malays National Organisation.[15]

In the aftermath of the election which ended Barisan Nasiona's 60-year-long rule over the country, members of parliament, state assemblymen, and senators defected from UMNO to BERSATU. They included high-ranking UMNO politicians such as Mustapa Mohamed and Hamzah Zainudin, with the latter claiming 36 Barisan Nasional members of parliament had signed a pledge supporting Mahathir.[16] The party also benefitted from an exodus of members from UMNO's Sabah chapter, from which it gained In total, the party gained an additional 12 members of parliament and two senators from May 2018 to February 2019.[17][18][19]

Collapse of Pakatan and formation of Perikatan Nasional[edit]

Main article: 2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis

The government of Pakatan Harapan collapsed in February 2020 when Mahathir tendered his resignation as prime minister and the party announced its withdrawal from the coalition. This occurred against a backdrop of increasing tension within the coalition and speculation that Mahathir intended to form a new coalition that would exclude his designated successor, Anwar Ibrahim. With the loss of 26 members of parliament from BERSATU as well as an additional eleven members from Anwar's Parti Keadilan Rakyat, the coalition lost its majority in parliament.[20][21] The eleven rebel members of parliament, led by Azmin Ali, later joined the party.[22]

Mahathir had also resigned as party chairman, a decision which the party's supreme council rejected unanimously in an emergency meeting.[23][24] Pakatan Harapan member parties also announced their support for Mahathir to remain as prime minister despite his resignation.

The formation of a new coalition government began when BERSATU announced that they would nominate party president Muhyiddin Yassin as prime minister,[25] although a supreme council member claimed he had neither been invited to discuss or informed about the decision.[26] This was followed by declarations of support from the United Malay National Organisation, the Malaysian Islamic Party, Malaysian Chinese Association, and Malaysian Indian Congress.[27] The nomination faced pushback from youth leader Syed Saddiq, who objected to working with UMNO, suggesting a split within the party over Muhyiddin's candidacy.[28] This was further reinforced when Mahathir announced that he had the necessary support from Pakatan Harapan to return as prime minister and denied having supported Muhyiddin's bid for the position.[29]

Muhyiddin was sworn in as the country's eight prime minister on 1 March, leading the newly founded Perikatan Nasional coalition consisting of the United Malay National Organisation, Malaysian Islamic Party, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah, Homeland Solidarity Party, and BERSATU into government.[30][31]

In May, Mahathir Mohamad, Mukhriz Mahathir, Syed Saddiq, Maszlee Malik and Amiruddin Hamzah were expelled from the party after opting to sit with the opposition in parliament, citing a provision in the party's constitution that automatically revoked the membership of individuals who joined other parties.[32][33] Mahathir had initially sought to table a motion of no confidence against Muhyiddin during a one-day meeting of parliament, the first since the formation of the new government, but was prevented from doing so after Muhyiddin ordered the speaker to end proceedings immediately after the king's speech.[34]

In June, the party another lost a member of parliament when Shahruddin Md Salleh resigned from his position as Deputy Minister of Works and joined the opposition, referring to his decision to join the government as a "mistake".[35][36] However, independent member of parliament Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz, a former member of UMNO, would join the party a few days later.[37]

The party was embroiled in a scandal when it was revealed in June and July 2021 that two separate events involving party members had occurred sometime during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, with participants reportedly contravening the Malaysian movement control order, a lockdown imposed by the Malaysian government in response to the pandemic.[38][39][40]

Loss of majority in parliament[edit]

Tension within the Perikatan Nasional coaltiion government resulted in Muhyiddin's resignation as prime minister in August 2021. United Malay National Organisation president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi announced that the party would be withdrawing its support for the government in July 2021, but faced opposition from Ismail Sabri, the then-deputy prime minister, who led a faction within the party that continued to support Muhyiddin.[41] The split led to uncertainty as to whether Muhyiddin's government continued to possess a majority in parliament,[42] with Muhyiddin ultimately resigning on 16 August.[43] He was succeeded by Ismail Sabri on 21 August,[44] with BERSATU members being appointed in his cabinet.

List of leaders[edit]

Chairman

Order Name Term of office Remarks Mandates
1 Mahathir Mohamad 7 September 2016 24 February 2020 –
– Muhyiddin Yassin 24 February 2020 23 August 2020 Acting 1st
(2020)
Position abolished[45]

President

Order Name Term of office Remarks Mandates
1 Muhyiddin Yassin 7 September 2016 Incumbent 1st
(2020)
2nd
(2024)

Deputy President

Order Name Term of office Remarks Mandates
1 Mukhriz Mahathir 7 September 2016 28 May 2020 –
2 Ahmad Faizal Azumu 23 August 2020 Incumbent 1st
(2020)
3 Hamzah Zainudin TBD 2nd
(2024)

Youth Chief

Order Name Term of office Remarks Mandates
1 Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman 7 September 2016 28 May 2020 –
2 Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal 23 August 2020 Incumbent 1st
(2020)
3 TBD 2nd
(2024)

Leadership structure[edit]

Elected representatives[edit]

Dewan Negara (Senate)[edit]

Senators[edit]

Main article: Members of the Dewan Negara, 15th Malaysian Parliament
  • His Majesty's appointee:
    • Md Nasir Hashim
    • Razali Idris

Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)[edit]

Members of Parliament of the 15th Malaysian Parliament[edit]

Main article: Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 15th Malaysian Parliament

BERSATU has 31 members in the House of Representatives.

State No. Parliament Constituency Member Party
 Perlis P002 Kangar Zakri Hassan BERSATU
 Kedah P004 Langkawi Mohd Suhaimi Abdullah BERSATU
P006 Kubang Pasu Ku Abdul Rahman Ku Ismail BERSATU
P014 Merbok Mohd Nazri Abu Hassan BERSATU
P017 Padang Serai Azman Nasrudin BERSATU
P018 Kulim-Bandar Baharu Roslan Hashim BERSATU
 Kelantan P026 Ketereh Khlir Mohd Nor BERSATU
P027 Tanah Merah Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz BERSATU
P029 Machang Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal BERSATU
 Terengganu P038 Hulu Terengganu Rosol Wahid BERSATU
 Penang P042 Tasek Gelugor Wan Saifulruddin Wan Jan BERSATU
 Perak P054 Gerik Fathul Huzir Ayob BERSATU
P056 Larut Hamzah Zainudin BERSATU
P061 Padang Rengas Azahari Hasan BERSATU
P074 Lumut Nordin Ahmad Ismail BERSATU
 Pahang P082 Indera Mahkota Saifuddin Abdullah BERSATU
P091 Rompin Abdul Khalib Abdullah BERSATU
 Selangor P092 Sabak Bernam Kalam Salan BERSATU
P093 Sungai Besar Muslimin Yahaya BERSATU
 Putrajaya P125 Putrajaya Radzi Jidin BERSATU
 Malacca P134 Masjid Tanah Mas Ermieyati Samsudin BERSATU
 Johor P143 Pagoh Muhyiddin Yassin BERSATU
P154 Mersing Muhammad Islahuddin Abas BERSATU
 Sabah P183 Beluran Ronald Kiandee BERSATU
 Sarawak P205 Saratok Ali Biju BERSATU
Total Perlis (1),Kedah (5),Kelantan (3), Terengganu (1), Penang (1), Perak (4), Pahang (2), Selangor (2), F.T. Putrajaya (1), Malacca (1), Johor (2), Sabah (1),Sarawak (1)

Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly)[edit]

Malaysian State Assembly Representatives[edit]

Main article: List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2023–present)
State No. Parliamentary

Constituency

No. State Assembly Constituency Member Party
 Perlis P001 Padang Besar N01 Titi Tinggi Izizam Ibrahim BERSATU
P002 Kangar N07 Sena Marzita Mansor BERSATU
N09 Kuala Perlis Abu Bakar Hamzah BERSATU
P003 Arau N11 Pauh Megat Hashirat Hassan BERSATU
N12 Tambun Tulang Wan Zikri Afthar Ishak BERSATU
 Kedah P004 Langkawi N01 Ayer Hangat Shamsilah Siru BERSATU
N02 Kuah Ahmad Pared Mahmud BERSATU
P005 Jerlun N03 Kota Siputeh Mohd Ashraf Mustaqim Badrul Munir BERSATU
P006 Kubang Pasu N05 Bukit Kayu Hitam Halimaton Shaadiah Saad BERSATU
P008 Pokok Sena N11 Derga Muhamad Amri Wahab BERSATU
P009 Alor Setar N12 Suka Menanti Dzowahir Ab Ghani BERSATU
P010 Kuala Kedah N16 Kubang Rotan Mohd Salleh Saidin BERSATU
P011 Pendang N19 Sungai Tiang Abdul Razak Khamis BERSATU
P012 Jerai N21 Guar Chempedak Abdul Ghafar Saad BERSATU
P016 Baling N30 Bayu Mohd Taufik Yaacob BERSATU
P017 Padang Serai N34 Lunas Khairul Anuar Ramli BERSATU
 Kelantan P026 Ketereh N25 Kok Lanas Mohamed Farid Mohamed Zawawi BERSATU
P027 Tanah Merah N27 Gual Ipoh Bahari Mohamad Nor BERSATU
P030 Jeli N36 Bukit Bunga Mohd Almidi Jaafar BERSATU
N37 Air Lanas Kamarudin Md Nor BERSATU
P032 Gua Musang N44 Paloh Shaari Mat Hussain BERSATU
 Terengganu P033 Besut N04 Hulu Besut Mohd Husaimi Hussin BERSATU
P034 Setiu N06 Permaisuri Mohd Yusop Majid BERSATU
P035 Kuala Nerus N11 Seberang Takir Khazan Che Mat BERSATU
P038 Hulu Terengganu N21 Telemung Mohd Zawawi Ismail BERSATU
P040 Kemaman N30 Kijal Razali Idris BERSATU
 Penang P042 Tasek Gelugor N06 Telok Ayer Tawar Azmi Alang BERSATU
P044 Permatang Pauh N10 Seberang Jaya Izhar Shah Arif Shah BERSATU
N12 Penanti Zulkefli Bakar BERSATU
P053 Balik Pulau N40 Telok Bahang Muhamad Kasim BERSATU
 Perak P056 Larut N07 Batu Kurau Mohd Najmuddin Elias Al-Hafiz BERSATU
P57 Parit Buntar N9 Kuala Kurau Abdul Yunus Jamahri BERSATU
P58 Bagan Serai N10 Alor Pongsu Noor Azman Ghazali BERSATU
P059 Bukit Gantang N13 Kuala Sepetang Ahmad Man BERSATU
P061 Padang Rengas N19 Chenderoh Syed Lukman Hakim Syed Mohd Zin BERSATU
P067 Kuala Kangsar N34 Bukit Chandan Hashim Bujang BERSATU
P073 Pasir Salak N49 Sungai Manik Zainol Fadzi Paharudin BERSATU
P074 Lumut N52 Pangkor Norhaslinda Zakaria BERSATU
P076 Teluk Intan N56 Changkat Jong Nadziruddin Mohamed Bandi BERSATU
 Pahang P084 Paya Besar N18 Lepar Mohd Yazid Mohd Yunus BERSATU
P086 Maran N25 Kuala Sentul Jasri Jamaluddin BERSATU
 Selangor P094 Hulu Selangor N07 Batang Kali Muhammad Muhaimin Harith Abdullah Sani BERSATU
P095 Tanjong Karang N09 Permatang Nurul Syazwani Noh BERSATU
P096 Kuala Selangor N10 Bukit Melawati Noorazley Yahya BERSATU
N12 Jeram Harrison Hassan BERSATU
P097 Selayang N13 Kuang Mohd Rafiq Mohd Abdullah BERSATU
P098 Gombak N17 Gombak Setia Muhammad Hilman Idham BERSATU
N18 Hulu Kelang Azmin Ali BERSATU
P105 Petaling Jaya N33 Taman Medan Afif Bahardin BERSATU
P111 Kota Raja N49 Sungai Kandis Wan Dzahanurin Ahmad BERSATU
P112 Kuala Langat N53 Morib Rosnizan Ahmad BERSATU
P113 Sepang N55 Dengkil Jamil Salleh BERSATU
 Negeri Sembilan P130 Rasah N20 Labu Mohamad Hanifah Abu Bakar BERSATU
P133 Tampin N35 Gemas Ridzuan Ahmad BERSATU
 Malacca P136 Tangga Batu N11 Sungai Udang Mohd Aleef Yusof BERSATU
P139 Jasin N24 Bemban Mohd Yadzil Yaakub BERSATU
 Johor P143 Pagoh N7 Bukit Kepong Sahruddin Jamal BERSATU
P154 Mersing N32 Endau Alwiyah Talib BERSATU
Total Perlis (5), Kedah (11), Kelantan (5), Terengganu (5), Penang (4), Perak (9), Pahang (2), Selangor (11), Negeri Sembilan (2), Malacca (2), Johor (2)

General election results[edit]

Election Total seats won Seats contested Total votes Voting Percentage Outcome of election Election leader
2018
13 / 222
 52 718,648 5.95% Increase13 seats; Governing coalition
(Pakatan Harapan, later Perikatan Nasional) 		Mahathir Mohamad
2022
35 / 222
 87 (under PN) (Peninsular, Sarawak, and Beluran)
6 (under GRS) (Sabah except Beluran) 		2,196,236 14.16% Increase21 seats; Opposition coalition
(Perikatan Nasional) / Governing coalition
(Gabungan Rakyat Sabah)

State election results[edit]

State election State Legislative Assembly
Perlis Kedah Kelantan Terengganu Penang Perak Pahang Selangor Negeri Sembilan Malacca Johor Sabah Sarawak Total won / Total contested
2/3 majority
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2 / 3
2018
0 / 15
5 / 36
0 / 45
0 / 32
2 / 40
1 / 59
0 / 42
6 / 56
0 / 36
2 / 28
8 / 56
24 / 104
2020
11 / 73
11 / 19
2021
2 / 28
2 / 15
2022
2 / 56
2 / 33
2022
5 / 15
9 / 59
2 / 42
16 / 45
2023
11 / 36
6 / 45
5 / 32
4 / 40
12 / 56
2 / 36
40 / 82

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Mazwin Nik Anis (8 September 2016). "Zahid: RoS approves Muhyiddin's party, will be known as PPBM". The Star. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
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  3. ^ the Sun Daily (14 January 2017). "Muhyiddin: PPBM officially registered to ROS and EC". the Sun Daily. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
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  45. ^ "Bersatu mansuh jawatan pengerusi parti". Malaysiakini. 28 November 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2021.

External links[edit]

Media related to Malaysian United Indigenous Party at Wikimedia Commons

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