Portal:Peru

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According to the Organic Law of Regional Governments, the regions (Spanish: regiones) are, with the departments, the first-level administrative subdivisions of Peru. Since its 1821 independence, Peru had been divided into departments (departamentos) but faced the problem of increasing centralization of political and economic power in its capital, Lima.

After several unsuccessful regionalization attempts, the national government decided to temporarily provide the departments (including the Constitutional Province of Callao) with regional governments until the conformation of regions according to the Organic Law of Regional Governments which says that two or more departments should merge to conform a region. This situation turned the departments into de facto regional government circumscriptions. The first regional governments were elected on November 20, 2002. (Full article...)

The Peruvian population has been formed by the combination of different groups over five centuries. Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before Spanish conquest in the 16th century. Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and with Indigenous peoples. After independence, there has been a gradual European immigration. Chinese arrived in the 1850s and have since become a major influence. Other immigrant groups include Arabs and Japanese. (more...)

The Battle of Ollantaytambo took place in January 1537 between the forces of the Inca emperor Manco Inca and a Spanish expedition led by Hernando Pizarro during the Spanish conquest of Peru. A former ally of the Spaniards, Manco Inca rebelled in May 1536 and laid siege to a Spanish garrison in the city of Cusco. To end the stand-off, the besieged mounted a raid against the emperor headquarters, located in the town of Ollantaytambo. The expedition was commanded by Hernando Pizarro and included 100 Spaniards and some 30,000 Indian auxiliaries against an Inca army of more than 30,000. (more...)

• August  7, 1924 - At the National University of San Marcos, the most successful football team Universitario de Deportes was founded. Since 2000 the home games are played in the Estadio Monumental "U" stadium.

• August  9, 1970 - Flight LANSA 502 crashes en route from Lima to Cusco killing all but one of the 100 crew and passengers on board.

• August 15, 2007 - A major earthquake originating off the coast of Peru destroys the city of Pisco.

• August 17, 1850 - José de San Martín first Protector of Peru died aged 72 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.

• August 23, 1922 - The Peruvian Football Federation is founded.

The Cenepa War or Third Ecuadorian-Peruvian War (26 January – 28 February 1995), also known as the Alto Cenepa War, was a brief and localized military conflict between Ecuador and Peru, fought over control of an area in Peruvian territory (i.e. in the eastern side of the Cordillera del Cóndor, Province of Condorcanqui, Región Amazonas, Republic of Perú) near the border between the two countries. The two nations had signed a border treaty following the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941, but Ecuador later disagreed with the treaty as it applied to the Cenepa and Paquisha areas, and in 1960 it declared the treaty null and void. Most of the fighting took place around the headwaters of the Cenepa River.

Mediation efforts of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and the United States paved the way for the opening of diplomatic conversations that ultimately led to the signing of a definitive peace agreement (the Brasilia Presidential Act) on 26 October 1998. The peace agreement saw some of the territory being leased to Ecuador for a time. It was followed by the formal demarcation of the border on 13 May 1999 and the end of the multinational MOMEP (Military Observer Mission for Ecuador and Peru) troop deployment on 17 June 1999, which effectively put an end to one of the longest territorial disputes in the Western Hemisphere. (Full article...)

• ... that the Balconcillo mutiny is considered to be the first coup d'état in the history of Peru?
• ... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
• ...that the Locumba uprising was thought by many to be a cover for the escape of Vladimiro Montesinos, Peru's de facto leader from 1990 to 2000?
• ... that Marcelino Gutiérrez was the only one of his brothers, who together led a rebellion against the president of Peru, to survive a subsequent riot?
• ... that the decisive participation of a Peruvian cavalry unit in the Battle of Junín led Simón Bolívar to rename them the Hussars of Junín?
• ... that Josiane Lima won Brazil's first Paralympic rowing medal?
• ... that Peruvian Viagra grows on the roots of plants?
• ... that Gian Marco's Días Nuevos, the best-selling album of 2011 in Perú, was the first quintuple platinum awarded by Unión Peruana de Productores Fonográficos?

“

All who have served the Revolution have plowed the sea.

”

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National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census
Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

• ...that the city of Cusco (pictured), the former capital of the Inca Empire, has the highest ultraviolet light level on Earth?
• ...that in the 1990s, the Peruvian economy underwent a process of liberalization which discarded protectionism and privatized state companies?
• ...that in the 1941 Ecuadorian–Peruvian war a Peruvian paratroop unit carried out the first airborne combat operation in the Western Hemisphere?
• ...that it has been suggested that climate changes provoked by an El Niño event played an important part in the collapse of the Moche civilization?
• ...that in 1984, during the internal conflict in Peru, members of the Peruvian Army massacred 123 men, women and children in the town of Putis?

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WikiProject Peru
South America	Latin America	Countries

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