M2M, IOT, Device Managment: COAP/LWM2M to rule them all?
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M2M is rapidly growing and since its early days different “standard” protocols have emerged (e.g. OMA-DM, TR-069, MQTT, …) or are emerging (e.g. CoAP or Lightweight M2M). Understanding which protocol to use for which application can be intimidating, therefore we propose to give an overview of these protocols to help you understand their goals and characteristics. We’ll present common M2M use cases and why they usually require more than just one protocol ; we will also see whether CoAP associated with Lightweight M2M allows to forge “one protocol to rule them all”.
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M2M, IOT, Device Managment: COAP/LWM2M to rule them all?
- 1. M2M,IOT,DEVICEMANAGEMENT COAPANDLIGHTWEIGHTM2M TORULETHEMALL? Eclipse Day Florence 2014 Julien Vermillard - Sierra Wireless
- 2. WHOAMI? Software Engineer at Sierra Wireless, implementing various protocols for AirVantage cloud service Apache Software Foundation member Eclipse committer on Californium and Wakaama
- 3. AGENDA M2M/IoT Protocols: MQTT, CoAP, XMPP Device management: TR-069, OMA-DM, LWM2M Impact on IoT architectures
- 4. M2M/IOTAPPLICATIONS My definition: Large fleet of cloud connected devices solving a business problem (Ex: oil pump monitoring, truck fleet tracking)
- 7. MQTELEMETRYTRANSPORT Very simple and light protocol on top of TCP Good fit for wireless applications Publish/Subscribe paradigm Websocket support Centralized, content agnostic
- 8. MQTT@ECLIPSEIOT Paho: for clients (Java, C/C++, Python, Js, Go, Lua) Mosquitto: light and full feature broker Moquette: Java broker with websockets
- 9. MQTT@ECLIPSEIOT Ponte: Node.js server bridging MQTT, HTTP, CoAP Kura: M2M application framework with MQTT as default transport
- 10. COAP: Constrained Application Protocol Internet Eng. Task Force standard for Internet of things Started in 2010! Draft-18 is the final one
- 11. CO:CONSTRAINED Simple to encode/decode: targets 8bit MCU UDP based, targets low power IP networks: 6LowPAN Two level of QoS: confirmable messages or not
- 12. COAP:RESTFULTHINGS! REST paradigm for things: coap://myhouse.local/lamps/7/status HTTP like verbs: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE Content negotiation Web goodies: but in a compact binary format!
- 13. CO:CONSTRAINED .0 1 2 3 .01234567890123456789012345678901 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Ver|T| TKL | Code | MessageID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Token(ifany,TKLbytes)... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options(ifany)... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |11111111| Payload(ifany)... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- 14. COAP:DISCOVERABILITY GETcoap://hostname/.well-know/core Provides a list of all supported resources </config/groups>;rt="core.gp";ct=39, rt="ucum.Cel";ct="04150";obs, rt="block";sz=1280;title="Largeresource" </sensors/temperature>; </large>;
- 15. COAP:BONUS Observe for streaming changing values Local group communication (multicast) HTTP <=> CoAP proxy Web like Caching Resource directory All the Web model for IoT!
- 16. COAP:SECURITY DTLS: TLS on Datagram Works with PSK (pre-share-key) or full PKI Here be dragons! The real implementation complexity
- 17. COAP@ECLIPSEIOT Californium: Java Coap server and client (with DTLS) Ponte: again :) since it's bridging everything
- 18. DEVICEMANAGEMENT Definition: Secure, monitor, manage large fleet of deployed devices
- 19. DEVICEMANAGEMENT Configure the device Update the firmware (and maybe the app) Monitor and gather connectivity statistics
- 20. INTEROPERABILITYISTHEKEY you don't know yet what hardware will power your IoT projects on the field, but you MUST be able to do device management in a consistent way
- 22. TRS-069 SOAP api for broadband modems Yes SOAP!
- 23. OMA-DM An Open Mobile Alliance standard for Device Management Targets mobile phone terminals but can be used for M2M Mean to be used by mobile network operators.
- 24. OMA-DMFEATURES Read, write configuration or monitoring nodes. Trigger remote commands (Exec) FUMO: Firmware Update Management Object SCOMO: Software Component Management Object
- 25. OMA-DM HTTP/XML based, with a binary XML (WBXML) encoding. Weird phone features gets in the way: every communication the device gives its language (ex: EN_en) Binary SMS for wakeup and bootstraping.
- 26. OMA-DMSECURITY HMAC MD5: HTTP Header signing the payload Use HTTPS if you need confidentiality
- 27. OMALIGHTWEIGHTM2M A new Open Mobile Alliance standard An OMA-DM successor for M2M targets
- 28. LWM2M:COAP Built on top of CoAP: Really lighter than OMA-DM and TRS-069.
- 29. LWM2MFEATURES Firmware upgrades (in band or thru http) Device monitoring and configuration Server provisioning (bootstraping)
- 30. LWM2MSMS SMS can be used for waking-up the device. Or any GET/POST/PUT/DELETE. The device can reply by SMS or UDP (return-path).
- 31. LWM2M:STANDARDSOBJECTS Device Server Connectivity monitoring Connectivity statistics Location Firmware The objects have a numerical identifier.
- 32. LWM2MTHEURLS /{object}/{instance}/{resource} Examples: "/6/0" the whole position object (binary record). "/6/0/2" only the altitude.
- 33. LWM2M@ECLIPSEIOT Wakaama (ex liblwm2m) A C library for implementing LWM2M in your devices. Embedded friendly.
- 34. MORELWM2MOPENSOURCE A Java based LWM2M server and library. Based on Californium (Eclipse). http://github.com/jvermillard/leshan
- 38. BUTINFACT...
- 39. PROTOCOLHELL Device management is not an option: Every processor and every application need to be configured, upgraded and monitored.
- 40. PROTOCOLHELL Each protocol must be secured. And synchronized: You can’t trigger an update with a protocol, while you are rebooting the device using another.
- 41. PROTOCOL CONVERGENCE M2M/IoT is not a simple problem. Security and provisioning are really the hardest ones. Try hard to reduce the number of protocols to make your life easier!
- 42. ONEPROTOCOL?
- 43. THEREISNOPROTOCOLTO RULETHEMALL? Every protocol is nice and specialized?
- 44. ONEPROTOCOL? CoAP with LWM2M provides efficient device management and application protocol. It can be the only protocol of your device to rule them all!