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Solar eclipse of August 10, 1915

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Solar eclipse of August 10, 1915
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma0.0124
Magnitude0.9853
Maximum eclipse
Duration93 s (1 min 33 s)
Coordinates16°24′N 161°24′W / 16.4°N 161.4°W / 16.4; -161.4
Max. width of band52 km (32 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse22:52:25
References
Saros134 (38 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9316

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Tuesday, August 10 and Wednesday, August 11, 1915,[1][2][3][4] with a magnitude of 0.9853. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring 5.8 days after apogee (on August 5, 1915, at 2:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[5]

Annularity was visible from the Pacific Ocean, with the only land being Haha-jima Group in Japan, where the eclipse occurred on August 11 because it is west of International Date Line. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Northeast Asia, northern Oceania, and Hawaii.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[6]

August 10, 1915 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 1915 August 10 at 19:56:16.8 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 1915 August 10 at 20:58:11.2 UTC
First Central Line 1915 August 10 at 20:59:11.3 UTC
Greatest Duration 1915 August 10 at 20:59:11.3 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 1915 August 10 at 21:00:11.3 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 1915 August 10 at 22:02:04.6 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 1915 August 10 at 22:51:48.2 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 1915 August 10 at 22:52:16.2 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 1915 August 10 at 22:52:24.5 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 1915 August 10 at 23:42:46.5 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 1915 August 11 at 00:44:40.1 UTC
Last Central Line 1915 August 11 at 00:45:37.4 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 1915 August 11 at 00:46:34.7 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 1915 August 11 at 01:48:26.3 UTC
August 10, 1915 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.98528
Eclipse Obscuration 0.97078
Gamma 0.01237
Sun Right Ascension 09h18m36.8s
Sun Declination +15°41'16.7"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'46.8"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 09h18m37.9s
Moon Declination +15°41'54.9"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'18.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°56'10.4"
ΔT 17.8 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of July–August 1915
July 26
Ascending node (full moon)
August 10
Descending node (new moon)
August 24
Ascending node (full moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 108
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 134
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 146
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Eclipses in 1915

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 134

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 1913–1917

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[7]

The partial solar eclipses on April 6, 1913 and September 30, 1913 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses on December 24, 1916 (partial), June 19, 1917 (partial), and December 14, 1917 (annular) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1913 to 1917
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
114 August 31, 1913

Partial
1.4512 119 February 25, 1914

Annular
−0.9416
124 August 21, 1914

Total
0.7655 129 February 14, 1915

Annular
−0.2024
134 August 10, 1915

Annular
0.0124 139
February 3, 1916

Total
0.4987
144 July 30, 1916

Annular
−0.7709 149 January 23, 1917

Partial
1.1508
154 July 19, 1917

Partial
−1.5101

Saros 134

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 134, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 22, 1248. It contains total eclipses from October 9, 1428 through December 24, 1554; hybrid eclipses from January 3, 1573 through June 27, 1843; and annular eclipses from July 8, 1861 through May 21, 2384. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on August 6, 2510. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 11 at 1 minutes, 30 seconds on October 9, 1428, and the longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 52 at 10 minutes, 55 seconds on January 10, 2168. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[8]

Series members 32–53 occur between 1801 and 2200:
32 33 34

June 6, 1807

June 16, 1825

June 27, 1843
35 36 37

July 8, 1861

July 19, 1879

July 29, 1897
38 39 40

August 10, 1915

August 21, 1933

September 1, 1951
41 42 43

September 11, 1969

September 23, 1987

October 3, 2005
44 45 46

October 14, 2023

October 25, 2041

November 5, 2059
47 48 49

November 15, 2077

November 27, 2095

December 8, 2113
50 51 52

December 19, 2131

December 30, 2149

January 10, 2168
53

January 20, 2186

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between March 16, 1866 and August 9, 1953
March 16–17 January 1–3 October 20–22 August 9–10 May 27–29
108 110 112 114 116

March 16, 1866

August 9, 1877

May 27, 1881
118 120 122 124 126

March 16, 1885

January 1, 1889

October 20, 1892

August 9, 1896

May 28, 1900
128 130 132 134 136

March 17, 1904

January 3, 1908

October 22, 1911

August 10, 1915

May 29, 1919
138 140 142 144 146

March 17, 1923

January 3, 1927

October 21, 1930

August 10, 1934

May 29, 1938
148 150 152 154

March 16, 1942

January 3, 1946

October 21, 1949

August 9, 1953

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

June 16, 1806
(Saros 124)

May 16, 1817
(Saros 125)

April 14, 1828
(Saros 126)

March 15, 1839
(Saros 127)

February 12, 1850
(Saros 128)

January 11, 1861
(Saros 129)

December 12, 1871
(Saros 130)

November 10, 1882
(Saros 131)

October 9, 1893
(Saros 132)

September 9, 1904
(Saros 133)

August 10, 1915
(Saros 134)

July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)

June 8, 1937
(Saros 136)

May 9, 1948
(Saros 137)

April 8, 1959
(Saros 138)

March 7, 1970
(Saros 139)

February 4, 1981
(Saros 140)

January 4, 1992
(Saros 141)

December 4, 2002
(Saros 142)

November 3, 2013
(Saros 143)

October 2, 2024
(Saros 144)

September 2, 2035
(Saros 145)

August 2, 2046
(Saros 146)

July 1, 2057
(Saros 147)

May 31, 2068
(Saros 148)

May 1, 2079
(Saros 149)

March 31, 2090
(Saros 150)

February 28, 2101
(Saros 151)

January 29, 2112
(Saros 152)

December 28, 2122
(Saros 153)

November 26, 2133
(Saros 154)

October 26, 2144
(Saros 155)

September 26, 2155
(Saros 156)

August 25, 2166
(Saros 157)

July 25, 2177
(Saros 158)

June 24, 2188
(Saros 159)

May 24, 2199
(Saros 160)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

October 9, 1828
(Saros 131)

September 18, 1857
(Saros 132)

August 29, 1886
(Saros 133)

August 10, 1915
(Saros 134)

July 20, 1944
(Saros 135)

June 30, 1973
(Saros 136)

June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)

May 21, 2031
(Saros 138)

April 30, 2060
(Saros 139)

April 10, 2089
(Saros 140)

March 22, 2118
(Saros 141)

March 2, 2147
(Saros 142)

February 10, 2176
(Saros 143)

Notes

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  1. ^ "August 10–11, 1915 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  2. ^ "Partial Eclipse of Sun Will Be Seen Here Today". The Honolulu Advertiser. Honolulu, Hawaii. 1915-08-10. p. 7. Retrieved 2023-11-12 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ "FINAL 1915 ECLIPSE IS WITH US TODAY: It Will Only Be Annular, However (Whatever That Is)". The Washington Times. Washington, District of Columbia. 1915-08-10. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-11-12 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "SUN DARKENED AT NOONDAY BY FINE ECLIPSE". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu, Hawaii. 1915-08-10. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-11-12 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  6. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1915 Aug 10". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  7. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  8. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 134". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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