Solar eclipse of June 28, 1908
| Solar eclipse of June 28, 1908 | |
|---|---|
 Map | |
| Type of eclipse | |
| Nature | Annular |
| Gamma | 0.1389 |
| Magnitude | 0.9655 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 240 s (4 min 0 s) |
| Coordinates | 31°24′N 67°12′W / 31.4°N 67.2°W |
| Max. width of band | 126 km (78 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 16:29:51 |
| References | |
| Saros | 135 (33 of 71) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9300 |
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Sunday, June 28, 1908,[1][2][3][4] with a magnitude of 0.9655. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 4 days before apogee (on July 2, 1908, at 16:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[5]
The annular eclipse was visible in North America, including a part of central Mexico around Mexico City; Orlando; and Daytona Beach, Florida in the United States. In Africa, it included Rosso, Mauritania, the northernmost part of Senegal, Bamako and the southwestern French Sudan (now Mali), the southwesternmost part of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and northern British Gold Coast (now Ghana). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of northern South America, most of North America, the Caribbean, West Africa, North Africa, and Western Europe.
Eclipse details
[edit]Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[6]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1908 June 28 at 13:29:11.1 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1908 June 28 at 14:33:04.2 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1908 June 28 at 14:34:43.5 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1908 June 28 at 14:36:22.8 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 1908 June 28 at 15:41:23.7 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1908 June 28 at 16:29:51.0 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1908 June 28 at 16:30:40.3 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1908 June 28 at 16:31:28.2 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1908 June 28 at 16:37:12.6 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 1908 June 28 at 17:18:16.1 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1908 June 28 at 18:23:16.9 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1908 June 28 at 18:24:58.5 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1908 June 28 at 18:26:40.0 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1908 June 28 at 19:30:35.4 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.96548 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.93215 |
| Gamma | 0.13895 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 06h28m25.7s |
| Sun Declination | +23°17'24.0" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'43.8" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.6" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 06h28m24.0s |
| Moon Declination | +23°24'59.9" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'57.6" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°54'54.1" |
| ΔT | 8.4 s |
Eclipse season
[edit]This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.
| June 14 Descending node (full moon) |
June 28 Ascending node (new moon) |
July 13 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|---|
 |
|
|
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 109 |
Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 135 |
Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 147 |
Related eclipses
[edit]Eclipses in 1908
[edit]- A total solar eclipse on January 3.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on January 18.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on June 14.
- An annular solar eclipse on June 28.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on July 13.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 7.
- A hybrid solar eclipse on December 23.
Metonic
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 9, 1904
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 17, 1912
Tzolkinex
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 18, 1901
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 10, 1915
Half-Saros
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of June 23, 1899
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 4, 1917
Tritos
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 29, 1897
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919
Solar Saros 135
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 17, 1890
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 9, 1926
Inex
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 19, 1879
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 8, 1937
Triad
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 27, 1821
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 29, 1995
Solar eclipses of 1906–1909
[edit]This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[7]
The partial solar eclipses on February 23, 1906 and August 20, 1906 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1906 to 1909 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 115 | July 21, 1906 Partial |
−1.3637 | 120 | January 14, 1907 Total |
0.8628 | |
| 125 | July 10, 1907 Annular |
−0.6313 | 130 | January 3, 1908 Total |
0.1934 | |
| 135 | June 28, 1908 Annular |
0.1389 | 140 | December 23, 1908 Hybrid |
−0.4985 | |
| 145 | June 17, 1909 Hybrid |
0.8957 | 150 | December 12, 1909 Partial |
−1.2456 | |
Saros 135
[edit]This eclipse is a part of Saros series 135, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 5, 1331. It contains annular eclipses from October 21, 1511 through February 24, 2305; hybrid eclipses on March 8, 2323 and March 18, 2341; and total eclipses from March 29, 2359 through May 22, 2449. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on August 17, 2593. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 16 at 10 minutes, 41 seconds on December 24, 1601, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 62 at 2 minutes, 27 seconds on May 12, 2431. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[8]
| Series members 28–49 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 28 | 29 | 30 |
 May 5, 1818 |
 May 15, 1836 |
 May 26, 1854 |
| 31 | 32 | 33 |
 June 6, 1872 |
 June 17, 1890 |
June 28, 1908 |
| 34 | 35 | 36 |
 July 9, 1926 |
 July 20, 1944 |
 July 31, 1962 |
| 37 | 38 | 39 |
 August 10, 1980 |
 August 22, 1998 |
 September 1, 2016 |
| 40 | 42 | 42 |
 September 12, 2034 |
 September 22, 2052 |
 October 4, 2070 |
| 43 | 44 | 45 |
 October 14, 2088 |
 October 26, 2106 |
 November 6, 2124 |
| 46 | 47 | 48 |
 November 17, 2142 |
 November 27, 2160 |
 December 9, 2178 |
| 49 | ||
 December 19, 2196 | ||
Metonic series
[edit]The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.
| 23 eclipse events between February 3, 1859 and June 29, 1946 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 1–3 | November 21–22 | September 8–10 | June 28–29 | April 16–18 |
| 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 |
 February 3, 1859 |
 November 21, 1862 |
 June 28, 1870 |
 April 16, 1874 | |
| 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 | 127 |
 February 2, 1878 |
 November 21, 1881 |
 September 8, 1885 |
 June 28, 1889 |
 April 16, 1893 |
| 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 | 137 |
 February 1, 1897 |
 November 22, 1900 |
 September 9, 1904 |
June 28, 1908 |
 April 17, 1912 |
| 139 | 141 | 143 | 145 | 147 |
 February 3, 1916 |
 November 22, 1919 |
 September 10, 1923 |
 June 29, 1927 |
 April 18, 1931 |
| 149 | 151 | 153 | 155 | |
 February 3, 1935 |
 November 21, 1938 |
 September 10, 1942 |
 June 29, 1946 | |
Tritos series
[edit]This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 April 4, 1810 (Saros 126) |
 March 4, 1821 (Saros 127) |
 February 1, 1832 (Saros 128) |
 December 31, 1842 (Saros 129) |
 November 30, 1853 (Saros 130) |
 October 30, 1864 (Saros 131) |
 September 29, 1875 (Saros 132) |
 August 29, 1886 (Saros 133) |
 July 29, 1897 (Saros 134) |
June 28, 1908 (Saros 135) |
 May 29, 1919 (Saros 136) |
 April 28, 1930 (Saros 137) |
 March 27, 1941 (Saros 138) |
 February 25, 1952 (Saros 139) |
 January 25, 1963 (Saros 140) |
 December 24, 1973 (Saros 141) |
 November 22, 1984 (Saros 142) |
 October 24, 1995 (Saros 143) |
 September 22, 2006 (Saros 144) |
 August 21, 2017 (Saros 145) |
 July 22, 2028 (Saros 146) |
 June 21, 2039 (Saros 147) |
 May 20, 2050 (Saros 148) |
 April 20, 2061 (Saros 149) |
 March 19, 2072 (Saros 150) |
 February 16, 2083 (Saros 151) |
 January 16, 2094 (Saros 152) |
 December 17, 2104 (Saros 153) |
 November 16, 2115 (Saros 154) |
 October 16, 2126 (Saros 155) |
 September 15, 2137 (Saros 156) |
 August 14, 2148 (Saros 157) |
 July 15, 2159 (Saros 158) |
 June 14, 2170 (Saros 159) |
 May 13, 2181 (Saros 160) |
 April 12, 2192 (Saros 161) | ||||
Inex series
[edit]This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 August 27, 1821 (Saros 132) |
 August 7, 1850 (Saros 133) |
 July 19, 1879 (Saros 134) |
June 28, 1908 (Saros 135) |
 June 8, 1937 (Saros 136) |
 May 20, 1966 (Saros 137) |
 April 29, 1995 (Saros 138) |
 April 8, 2024 (Saros 139) |
 March 20, 2053 (Saros 140) |
 February 27, 2082 (Saros 141) |
 February 8, 2111 (Saros 142) |
 January 20, 2140 (Saros 143) |
 December 29, 2168 (Saros 144) |
 December 9, 2197 (Saros 145) |
|
Notes
[edit]- ^ "June 28, 1908 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ "Eclipse of the sun visible here Sunday". The Atlanta Constitution. Atlanta, Georgia. 1908-06-27. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-11-01 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Splendid View of Yesterday's Phenomenon". Daily Mirror. London, London, England. 1908-06-29. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-11-01 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "SUN'S PARTIAL ECLIPSE VIEWED BY THOUSANDS". The Pittsburgh Post. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 1908-06-29. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-11-01 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1908 Jun 28". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 135". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
References
[edit]- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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